How Can a Record-Low Beef Cow Herd Produce Near-Record On-Feed Totals?
The U.S. cattle industry faces a puzzling paradox: historically low beef cow numbers paired with near-record on-feed totals.
As of Nov. 1, pre-report estimates suggest total on-feed numbers are comparable to last year’s 11.93 million head. This phenomenon can be attributed to several evolving dynamics in the cattle market.
Extended Days on Feed
Advancements in feed technology, genetics, and production methods have significantly increased the average days cattle spend in feedlots.
According to Dr. Derrell Peel of Oklahoma State University, the current average is 187 days on feed—up 39 days since 2010. This extended timeframe allows feedlots to maintain capacity despite processing fewer animals annually.
Factors Driving the Trend
Drought Impact: Persistent drought conditions have pushed more cattle into feedlots due to limited grazing options.
Dairy-Beef Crosses: The rising practice of finishing dairy cattle for beef contributes to higher on-feed totals.
Heifer Slaughter Rates: With heifers representing 40% of the total cattle on feed, there is little indication of herd rebuilding through retention efforts.
Future Outlook
The January 2025 Cattle Inventory report is expected to reflect even fewer beef cows. As the industry grapples with these shifts, producers face critical questions about the long-term rebuilding of the cow herd.
Will changing production practices and market pressures redefine traditional cycles in the cattle industry?
For producers and stakeholders, understanding these trends is essential for navigating the evolving cattle market landscape.
Curious about the paradox of record-low beef cow herds and high on-feed totals? Explore the market dynamics shaping the U.S. cattle industry on our homepage.
