Chronic Wasting Disease in Deer: What Hunters Need to Know This Season
As deer hunting season kicks off across the Midwest, wildlife officials are issuing important reminders about Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD).
This contagious and fatal neurological illness impacts deer and other cervids, raising concerns about its spread and whether infected meat is safe for consumption.
What Is Chronic Wasting Disease?
CWD is a prion disease, meaning it involves misfolded proteins that damage the brain and spine. First identified in the U.S. in 1967, CWD has since been detected in over 30 states.
The disease spreads through direct contact with infected animals’ saliva, blood, urine, or feces, as well as through environmental exposure, such as contaminated soil or water.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) explains that once infected, an animal will eventually succumb to the disease.
“Once an animal gets sick, the disease moves to its brain and spine and eventually kills the animal,” according to the CDC. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine or treatment available.
Recognizing Symptoms of CWD
Symptoms of CWD can take up to two years to appear. Drastic weight loss, or “wasting,” is a hallmark sign.
Affected deer may also stumble, drool excessively, or show unusual behavior, such as losing their fear of humans. Other signs include drooping ears, a rough coat, teeth grinding, and difficulty swallowing.
However, these symptoms are not exclusive to CWD. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) notes that only testing can confirm whether a deer is infected. Hunters concerned about potential CWD should consult local wildlife officials for testing guidelines.
Is Infected Meat Safe to Eat?
While there are no confirmed cases of CWD infecting humans, experts urge caution. The CDC and the World Health Organization recommend avoiding meat from deer that test positive for CWD.
A recent study linked CWD-infected venison to two hunters contracting Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a related prion disorder. Although the connection is unproven, it raises potential concerns.
The Wisconsin Division of Public Health advises hunters to follow safe handling practices, such as wearing gloves while dressing carcasses and minimizing contact with high-risk tissues like the brain and spinal cord. Proper cleaning of knives and equipment is also essential.
Testing and Prevention
Testing availability varies by state. Wisconsin, for example, offers self-service kiosks and at-home lymph node kits. Hunters are encouraged to consult local regulations to ensure proper handling and testing of harvested deer.
While CWD has not been found to pose a direct threat to humans, awareness and safe practices can protect hunters and their communities from potential risks this season.
Concerned about Chronic Wasting Disease in your hunting area? Visit our homepage for essential tips on safe meat handling and testing.
